IP addresses are essential elements in computer networking, enabling devices to communicate across the internet and local networks. In some scenarios, it becomes necessary to work with IP ranges or CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation for various purposes, such as configuring firewall rules, routing tables, or subnetting. Converting IP ranges to CIDRs and vice versa.

PHP is a widely used server-side scripting language, powering a significant portion of the web. With each new version, PHP brings improvements in performance, security, and functionality. As of the time of writing this article, PHP 8.0 is the current stable release. However, newer versions are likely available with even more enhancements and bug fixes..

Arch Linux is renowned for its simplicity, performance, and rolling release model, which keeps the system up-to-date with the latest packages. Pacman, the package manager used in Arch Linux, plays a crucial role in maintaining the system’s software. However, like any software, Pacman can encounter issues, and one of the most frustrating errors users may.